1 Samuel 15:21

Authorized King James Version

But the people took of the spoil, sheep and oxen, the chief of the things which should have been utterly destroyed, to sacrifice unto the LORD thy God in Gilgal.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּקַּ֨ח
took
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
#2
הָעָ֧ם
But the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#3
מֵֽהַשָּׁלָ֛ל
of the spoil
booty
#4
צֹ֥אן
sheep
a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)
#5
וּבָקָ֖ר
and oxen
a beeve or an animal of the ox family of either gender (as used for plowing); collectively, a herd
#6
רֵאשִׁ֣ית
the chief
the first, in place, time, order or rank (specifically, a firstfruit)
#7
הַחֵ֑רֶם
of the things which should have been utterly destroyed
physical (as shutting in) a net (either literally or figuratively); usually a doomed object; abstractly extermination
#8
לִזְבֹּ֛חַ
to sacrifice
to slaughter an animal (usually in sacrifice)
#9
לַֽיהוָ֥ה
unto the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#10
אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ
thy God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#11
בַּגִּלְגָּֽל׃
in Gilgal
gilgal, the name of three places in palestine

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of 1 Samuel Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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